Apoptosis Inducer
Apoptosis inducing factor is involved in initiating a caspase-independent pathway of apoptosis by causing DNA fragmentation and chromatin condensation. It also acts as an NADH oxidase. Another AIF function is to regulate the permeability of the mitochondrial membrane upon apoptosis. Normally it is found behind the outer membrane of the mitochondria and is therefore secluded from the nucleus. However, when the mitochondrion is damaged, it moves to the cytosol and to the nucleus. Inactivation of AIF leads to resistance of embryonic stem cells to death following the withdrawal of growth factors indicating that it is involved in apoptosis.
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Piperlongumine，存在于胡椒科植物荜茇中的一种天然生物碱，能够增加reactive oxygen species (ROS)水平，并选择性杀死癌细胞。
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Salubrinal是一种选择性的eIF2α 脱磷酸作用抑制剂，可以抑制ER应激介导的细胞凋亡，EC50约为15 μM。
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(-)-Epigallocatechin Gallate(EGCG)是多酚类黄酮抗氧化剂，能抑制端粒酶和DNA甲基转移酶，还能阻断EGF和HER-2的受体活性。
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Isotretinoin (异维A酸; 13-cis-Retinoic acid) 可作用于重度粉刺，还可用于脑癌，胰腺癌等化疗。
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Bendamustine hydrochloride是DNA损伤剂，IC50为50 μM。
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