HIV
HIV (The human immunodeficiency virus) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). HIV infects vital cells in the human immune system such as helper T cells (specifically CD4+ T cells), macrophages, and dendritic cells.[4] HIV infection leads to low levels of CD4+ T cells through a number of mechanisms, including pyroptosis of abortively infected T cells, apoptosis of uninfected bystander cells,[6] direct viral killing of infected cells, and killing of infected CD4+ T cells by CD8 cytotoxic lymphocytes that recognize infected cells.[7] When CD4+ T cell numbers decline below a critical level, cell-mediated immunity is lost, and the body becomes progressively more susceptible to opportunistic infections.
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Maraviroc是一种趋化因子受体CCR5抑制剂，作用于MIP-1α， MIP-1β和RANTES 时，IC50分别为3.3 nM， 7.2 nM和5.2 nM。
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Tenofovir能阻断HIV-1和HBV的逆转录酶，对HIV-1和HIV-2的IC50分别为0.5-2.2 uM和1.6-4.9 uM。
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Dapivirine(TMC 120, TMC 120 R147681)是HIV非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂（NNRTI），IC50为24 nM，能抑制包括NNRTI抗性的各种HIV-1毒株。
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Rilpivirine (利匹韦林; R278474, TMC 278) 是HIV的非核苷逆转录酶抑制剂。
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Abacavir sulfate是一种常用的核苷类似物，具有抗HIV-1病毒活性。Abacavir是一种鸟嘌呤类似物，它的靶点是病毒的反转录酶。
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