Sodium Channel
Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's plasma membrane. They are classified according to the trigger that opens the channel for such ions, i.e. either a voltage-change ("Voltage-gated", "voltage-sensitive", or "voltage-dependent" sodium channel also called "VGSCs" or "Nav channel") or a binding of a substance (a ligand) to the channel (ligand-gated sodium channels). In excitable cells such as neurons, myocytes, and certain types of glia, sodium channels are responsible for the rising phase of action potentials.
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Flunarizine dihydrochloride是双效 Na+/Ca2+ 离子通道阻断剂 (T-type)。
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DPPE fumarate是细胞内结合部位的组胺结合抑制剂（blocker of histamine binding at the intracellular binding site）。
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Doxepin hydrochloride是高活性的 H1 拮抗剂。 也能和H4 受体结合。
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Diphenhydramine hydrochloride是H1 受体拮抗剂。
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Dimaprit dihydrochloride是标准H2选择性激动剂。
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